海洋、民俗与女性:中国当代海洋小说女性形象之建构

The Ocean, Folklore and Women:The Construction of Female Images in Contemporary Chinese Maritime Novels

海洋民俗作为一种合法性话语在规范女性社会性别身份的同时,也为女性提供了表达情感、进入社会的途径。在以海洋民俗为代表的海洋文化影响下,当代海洋小说塑造了两类典型女性形象:一类是传统观念中的"好女人"与"坏女人"形象。她们或在"守候"与"出发"的循环中延续着女性亘古的命运,或在"古老"与"现代"的对立中消解海洋乌托邦的幻想;另一类是打破民俗禁忌与性别期待、主动走进海洋的女人。在集体海洋、商业海洋、文化海洋等场域下,她们从物质与精神两个向度,找到了重建女性主体、释放自我的可能。

Maritime folklore,as a kind of legal discourse,not only regulates women’s gender identity,but also provides a way for women to express their emotions and enter society.Influenced by maritime culture represented by maritime folklore,contemporary maritime novels have created two types of typical female images:one is the image of"good women"and"bad women"in traditional conceptions.They either continue the eternal destiny of women in the cycle of"waiting"and"departing",or abandon the fantasy of a marine utopian in the opposition between"the ancient"and"the modern".The other is the image of women who break with both customs and gender expectations and take the initiative to go into the"ocean".In the collective ocean,commercial ocean,cultural ocean and other fields,they have found the possibility of rebuilding the female subject and releasing themselves in both material and spirit dimensions.