张家山汉简《二年律令·户律》所见移徙问题探析

Migration Seen in Hulü of Ernian lüling on Bamboo Slips of Han Dynasty at Zhangjiashan

张家山汉简《二年律令·户律》简328-330记录了有关移徙的律令。其中"留弗移,移不并封"行为的实施者是处理移徙事务的乡部啬夫等官吏,"实不徙数盈十日"等行为的实施者是移徙者。"实不徙数盈十日,皆罚金四两""数在所正、典弗告,与同罪"中的两个"数",一般被看作是"名数",即户籍,我们认为应指移徙人口、财物数目。"徙数"并不是指户籍的移交,而是具体人口、财物数目的移徙。

Hulü(Statutes on Households)of Ernian lüling(Statutes and Ordinances of the Second Year)were documented on bamboo slips of Han Dynasty unearthed at Zhangjiashan.The texts on bamboo slip no.328-330 disclose to us the statutes and ordinances on migration in the Han Dynasty.Of them,the texts"留弗移,移不并封(Documents are detained and not sent out,and they are not sealed together)"refers to the village-owned officials who were in charge of migration.Those that read as"实不徙数盈十日(The actual date to move out is ten days later than the time specified)"refers to the emigrants.The two"数"—one in"实不徙数盈十日,皆罚金四两"while the other in"数在所正、典弗告,与同罪"—is conventionally interpreted as household register.Instead,we propose that they should really refer to the quantity of emigrants or the inventory of their property.We also suggest that Xi Shu(徙数)refers not to the actual counts of people or their property but to the transfer of household register.