生成式人工智能嵌入高等教育:发展前景、风险与实践进路——以ChatGPT为例

Embedding Generative Artificial Intelligence into Higher Education:Development Prospects,Risks,and Practical Approaches——Taking ChatGPT as an Example

生成式人工智能是推动高等教育数字化变革重要引擎。ChatGPT类生成式人工智能嵌入高等教育体系,可有效驱动高等教育模式变革和教育理念回归,推进高等教育过程性方法创新,推进高新技术同高等教育深度融合,助力高等教育真正实现信息化和数字化转型。但鉴于该技术算法歧视、认知偏见等固有缺陷,决定了ChatGPT类生成式人工智能嵌入高等教育存在直接和间接风险。对此,我们应理性认识和准确把握生成式人工智能嵌入高等教育实质,坚守“以人为本”底线思维,开阔适用思路,避免过度依赖,做到人与“机器”在高等教育系统优势互补,助力高等教育高质量发展。

Generative artificial intelligence is an important engine for promoting digital transformation in higher education.ChatGPT type generative artificial intelligence embedded in the higher education system can effectively drive the transformation of higher education models and the return of educational concepts,promote the innovation of process oriented methods in higher education,promote the deep integration of high-tech and higher education,and help higher education truly achieve informatization and digital transformation.However,due to inherent flaws such as algorithmic discrimination and cognitive bias in this technology,there are direct and indirect risks associated with embedding ChatGPT based generative artificial intelligence into higher education.In this regard,we should rationally understand and accurately grasp the essence of embedding generative artificial intelligence into higher education,adhere to the bottom line thinking of“people-oriented”,broaden applicable thinking,avoid excessive dependence,achieve complementary advantages between humans and“machines”in the higher education system,and help high-quality development of higher education.