“口口相传”型非法集资犯罪认定研究——以安徽金寨王某成“非法吸收公众存款”案展开

A Study on the Identification of Illegal Fundraising Crimes of“Word of Mouth”Type——Launching the Case of Anhui Jinzhai Wang Moucheng’s“Illegal Absorption of Public Deposits”

在熟人之间以人传人的方式进行非法集资的犯罪案件长久存在,现实中犯罪形势有愈演愈烈的趋势。认定非法集资的“四性”在于关于非法性、利诱性、社会性并无太大争议,而关于公开性的规定中,对于公开宣传行为的界定,司法解释用了列举的方式,规定了“通过媒体、推介会、传单、手机短信等途径向社会公开宣传”,而对于实践中大量存在的“口口相传”以人传人的传播方式未加以明确规定。根据相关司法解释,应从主动型与放任型两方面对此类非法集资犯罪进行分别认定。

Criminal cases of illegal fundraising between acquaintances through human to human transmission have existed for a long time,and in reality,the criminal situation is becoming increasingly fierce.The“four characteristics”of illegal fundraising are not much controversial in terms of illegality,inducement,and sociality.However,in the regulations on openness,the definition of public propaganda behavior is listed in the judicial interpretation,which stipulates that“public propaganda should be carried out to society through media,promotion conferences,flyers,mobile text messages,and other means”,However,there is no clear provision for the widespread practice of“word of mouth”transmission from person to person.According to relevant judicial interpretations,such illegal fundraising crimes should be identified separately from two aspects:proactive and laissez faire.