生态系统文化服务的发展推动“人与自然”的研究视角多元化——对话托比亚斯·普利宁格

Development of Cultural Ecosystem Services Contributes to a Plural Perspective for Human-Nature Studies——Interview With Tobias Plieninger

托比亚斯·普利宁格是生态系统文化服务研究的重要先驱者之一。他通过一系列在欧洲与亚洲的森林和农业生态系统的实证研究,为生态系统文化服务的框架构建做出了贡献。在本文中,普利宁格介绍了生态系统文化服务是如何作为新兴领域被纳入《千年生态系统评估》中的。生态系统文化服务作为生态系统服务的一部分,在最开始却因缺乏充分内容来体现而受到忽视。基于其所研究的课题,普利宁格探讨了如何为生态系统文化服务建立指标,以及介绍了公众参与地理信息系统这一方法是如何将景观中的文化价值纳入研究的。受生态系统文化服务本身的限制,“自然对人类的贡献”等新的更具包容性的术语逐渐兴起。随后,普利宁格指出了使用社交媒体数据来拓展研究范围的新趋势,同时分享了他对印度、中国等国家生态系统文化服务研究领域发展的见解。他建议不应局限于在技术上或纯粹的学术活动中应用这些方法,而要着眼于处理现实世界的问题。最后,他鼓励年轻一代进一步深入研究前沿课题,如探索生态系统文化服务在日渐失稳的时代中可发挥的作用。

Tobias Plieninger has contributed to framing Cultural Ecosystem Services(CES)by his studies in Europe and Asia from forest to agricultural ecosystems.He introduced how the term of CES as a part of ecosystem services was raised by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment but largely neglected at the beginning.From his projects,he explored how to set up indicators and the development of a method Public Participation Geographic Information Systems to map cultural values in landscapes for CES assessment.Because of the limitation of CES,the new inclusive concepts like Nature’s Contributions to People arose.Plieninger gave us his perspective about the new tendency to use social media data to broaden the research scale,and shared his opinions about CES research in developing countries,like India and China.He suggested people should apply the methods not only in technocratic or purely in academic exercises,but to deal with real-world problems.He encouraged the young generation to further explore the frontier topics such as the role of CES in increasingly unstable times.