我国高值医用耗材的价格形成与带量采购政策效应研究

Analysis on the Price Formation of China’s High-value Medical Consumables and the Effect of Volume-based Procurement Policy

带量采购对完善高值医用耗材价格形成机制具有重要意义。本文在对我国高值医用耗材带量采购前期实践总结基础上,从我国高值医用耗材的市场结构、规模效应和信用制度来分析耗材价格降低的成因。结果表明:带量采购实施前我国高值医用耗材的供应具有市场垄断性,带量采购政策下寡头垄断的局面未能形成,生产企业的规模效应得以发挥,信息公开和信用制度的引入促使耗材企业主动降价。带量采购政策促使我国高值医用耗材供应链主体职能重组,代理商退出市场;厂商经营重心转向新产品研发,市场价格回归理性;耗材产业利润趋于社会平均利润。建议政府制定配套政策保持医用耗材行业适度有序竞争,促进其行业健康发展。

Volume-based procurement is of great significance to improve the price formation mechanism of high-value medical consumables.This article is based on the summary of China’s high-value medical consumables’belt volume procurement practice and analyzes the reasons for the decline in consumable prices from the market structure,scale effect,and credit system of high-value medical consumables.The results show that the supply of high-value medical consumables in China had a market monopoly before the volume-based procurement implementation.The oligopoly situation under the mass procurement policy has not been formed,and the scale effect of the production enterprises has been brought into play.The introduction of information disclosure and the credit system has prompted consumable companies to take the initiative to reduce prices.The mass procurement policy promoted the reorganization of the main functions of China’s high-value medical consumables supply chain,and agents withdrew from the market;Manufacturers’business focus has shifted to new product research and development,and market prices have returned to rationality;The profit of the consumable industry tends to be the average profit of the society.This paper recommends that the government formulate supporting policies to maintain moderate and orderly competition in the industry and maintain the industry vitality;conduct interviews with companies bidding below cost and resolutely investigate and deal with disruptors.