我国青年住房问题识别和解决路径——基于租、购房压力的测算和分析

Recognition and solution of youth housing problems in China——Calculation and analysis based on rent and house purchase pressure

青年是经济增长和社会发展的重要驱动力,住房状况是影响青年发展提升的关键要素。当前青年群体面临较大的住房压力,其住房问题受到广泛关注并亟待解决。本文运用因子分析方法构建并测算住房压力指数(HSI),并利用图表统计法对青年住房压力特征进行分析。研究发现:与中、老年群体相比,青年购房压力较大,租房压力较小;购房与租房青年的住房压力均随年龄的增大而波动上升;整体来看,购房青年的住房总压力小于租房青年;购房青年最为明显的是住房面积压力;租房青年最为明显的是社会情绪压力。依据青年群体所面临的住房压力类型确定其住房问题的严重程度,提出通过实物保障、货币补贴、金融支持、市场途径等多种渠道解决各类青年群体的住房问题,在有条件的城市以自住房和共有产权住房为主,以租赁住房为辅,实现青年住房由难到易、由租到购的平稳过渡。

Youth is an important driving force for economic growth and social development,and housing conditions are a key factor influencing the development of youth.At present,youth groups are facing greater housing pressure,and their housing problems have received widespread attention and need to be resolved urgently.This paper uses factor analysis to construct and measure the housing pressure index(HSI),and uses chart statistics to analyze the characteristics of youth housing pressure.The study found that compared with middle-aged and elderly groups,young people have more pressure to buy a house and less pressure to rent a house.Renting young people;the most obvious thing for young people buying houses is the pressure of housing area;the most obvious one is the social emotional pressure for renting young people.Determine the severity of the housing problem based on the type of housing pressure faced by the youth group,and propose to solve the housing problem of various youth groups through physical security,monetary subsidies,financial support,market channels and other channels.Housing and housing with common property rights are the mainstay,supplemented by rental housing,to achieve a smooth transition from difficult to easy for youth housing,and from rent to purchase.