棉花“价格保险+期货”试点改革的思考——基于新疆棉花主产区数据的分析

Thoughts on the Pilot Reform of Cotton "Price Insurance + Futures"——Based on the analysis of the data of the main cotton producing areas in Xinjiang

为进一步完善棉花价格补贴机制,2018年新疆在博乐市、柯坪县和叶城县开展了棉花"价格保险+期货"试点工作。本文梳理了新疆棉花"价格保险+期货"试点背景及试点目标,在对三个试点地区充分调研的基础上,从总体目标角度对试点取得的初步成效进行分析,结果表明:试点推进了棉花产业融合,有效规避了WTO"黄箱"政策的约束,保障了棉农的基本收益,降低政府财政成本,基本达到了预期的改革目标。但是试点中还存在棉花价格保险的目标价格过高、棉农的保险意识淡薄、赔付机制不完善、缺乏农业保险人才、风险对冲工具不足等问题。本文针对改革试点中存在的问题提出相应的对策建议。

In order to further improve the cotton price subsidy mechanism,in 2018 Xinjiang launched a pilot project of cotton"price insurance+futures"in Bole City,Kalpin County and Yecheng County.This paper firstly combs the pilot background and pilot objectives of cotton"price insurance+futures"in Xinjiang.Based on the full investigation of the three pilot areas,the preliminary results of the pilot are analyzed from the overall target.The results show that the pilot promoted cotton Industrial integration,effectively circumvented the WTO"amber box"policy,guaranteed the basic benefits of cotton farmers,and reduced government financial costs,and basically achieved the expected reform goals.However,there are still problems such as high target price of cotton price insurance,weak awareness of cotton farmers’insurance,imperfect payment mechanism,lack of agricultural insurance talents,and risk hedging tools.This paper proposes corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for the problems existing in the reform pilot.