区域大气污染联合防治规制研究——行政命令性规制与激励性机制相结合施策

Study on Regulation of Regional Joint Prevention and Control of Air Pollution——Combining command-and-control regulation with incentive mechanisms

区域大气污染联合防治关键在于地方政府的行动选择。命令控制性规制模式难以激发地方政府的动力,面临信息偏在、利益失衡等困境。激励性规制具有促进信息均衡、推进利益平衡、提升整体效益的优势,在一定程度上能有效克服命令控制性规制的困境。激励性规制的构建要求变革传统法律规制理念,调适好激励性与命令控制性规制关系,选择和优化组合差异化财政调控、差别性金融支持、区域排污权交易、区域生态补偿等激励工具,构建实施保障机制,以优化法律制度设计,提升规制效果。

The regional joint prevention and control of air pollution lies in the action choices of local governments.The command-and-control regulatory model is difficult to stimulate local governments,and faces dilemmas such as biased information and unbalanced interests.Incentive regulation has the advantages of promoting information balance,advancing the balance of benefits,and improving overall efficiency.To a certain extent,it can effectively overcome the dilemma of command-and-control regulation.The construction of incentive regulation requires the transformation of traditional legal regulation concepts,the adjustment of the relationship between incentives and command-and-control regulations,the selection and optimization of differentiated fiscal control,differential financial support,regional emissions trading,regional ecological compensation and other incentive tool.Incentive regulation should build an implementation guarantee mechanism to optimize the design of the legal system and enhance the effect of regulation.