时效规范:中小学教育惩戒功能实现的重要保障

Prescription of Timeliness:the Important Guarantee for the Realization of Educational Discipline's Function in Primary and Secondary Schools

惩戒具有多重教育功能,但时效规范的缺失削弱了惩戒的可操作性,阻碍了其教育功能的有效发挥。惩戒时效包括约束时效和管辖时效,前者决定了部分惩戒措施的力度,后者制约着惩戒权的行使,影响着惩戒教育的及时性和准确性。重构惩戒时效规范,应遵循约束时效“过惩相当”和管辖时效“宜短不宜长”的原则,重点完善补救补偿性、情感剥夺性惩戒的时效规范。市县教育行政部门是完善教育惩戒时效规范的主体,应在充分调查研究的基础上,依照法定程序加以规定。

Discipline has multiple educational functions,but the lack of prescription of timeliness weakens the operability of educational discipline and hinders the effective play of its educational functions.Disciplinary prescription includes binding prescription and jurisdictional prescription.The former determines the strength of some disciplinary measures.And the latter restricts the exercise of the right to disciplinary and affects the timeliness and accuracy of disciplinary education.To reconstruct the prescription of discipline,we should follow the principle of“compatible discipline”and“short rather than long jurisdiction”,then focus on improving the prescription of remedial compensatory and emotional deprivation discipline.The municipal and county education administrative departments are the main bodies to improve the norms of the prescription of timeliness limit of educational discipline,which should be regulated in accordance with legal procedures on the basis of full investigation and research.