国家教育考试作弊行为生成及法律规制完善研究——基于刑事判决文书的扎根理论分析

Research on the Formation of Cheating Behavior in National Education Examination and the Improvement of Legal Regulation:Grounded Theory Analysis Based on Criminal Judgment Documents

本文基于程序化扎根理论范式,以判决文书为研究资料,对考试作弊行为生成及法律介入的各个阶段进行探讨,构建出“国家教育考试作弊行为生成及法律规制”演化模型。研究发现,考试作弊行为呈现隐蔽性、高科技性、团伙性特点,法律介入有限且存在国家教育考试范围不明、组织替考和组织作弊行为的界限不清、代替考试实行行为的认定模糊等问题。完善国家教育考试作弊行为法律规制,应以诚信教育为先,以提高作弊行为甄别能力为主,以优化司法介入程序为最后防线,为筑牢教育公平信仰、打通社会阶层流动渠道发挥独特价值。

Based on the procedural grounded theory paradigm and taking the judgment documents as research materials,this study discussed various stages of the generation and legal intervention of examination cheating behavior,and constructed an evolutionary model of“the generation and legal intervention of national education examination cheating behavior”.The study found that the examination cheating behavior presents the characteristics of concealment,high-tech and gangs,the legal intervention is limited,and there are problems such as the unclear scope of the national education examination,the unclear boundary between the organization of substitute examination and the organization of cheating behavior,and the ambiguous identification of the act of substitute examination.In the future,the prevention and control of examination cheating should be based on integrity education,focusing on improving the screening ability of cheating,and taking the optimization of judicial intervention procedures as the last line of defense,so as to play a unique value in strengthening the belief in educational fairness and opening up the flow channel of social strata.