乡村教师补充政策扩散的模式与机制分析——基于对2010—2020年我国乡村教师补充政策的观察

Analysis on the Model and Mechanism of the Difusion of Supplementary Policy for Rural Teachers:Based on the Observation of the Supplementary Policy for Rural Teachers from 2010 to 2020

政策扩散指一项政策在时间、空间中及不同行政主体间发生转移,并被政策系统内某一主体或其他成员采纳和推行的过程。我国乡村教师补充政策扩散,创造并积累了丰富的政策治理经验,具有鲜明的中国特色。本文运用公共政策扩散的理论和分析工具,结合2010—2020年我国乡村教师补充政策扩散的时空变化与政策行动主体互动的特点,提炼出我国乡村教师补充政策的扩散模式,即层级型扩散、建构型扩散和创生型扩散,在此基础上,剖析模式运行中扩散创新的机制,包括行政指令、政策学习和社会化。

Policy diffusion refers to the process in which a policy is transferred in time and space and is adopted and implemented by a subject or other members of the policy system.The difusion of supplementary policy for rural teachers in China has created and accumulated a wealth of policy governance experience with distinctive Chinese characteristics.Through the application of the theory and analytical tools of public policy diffusion,combined with the characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes of policy diffusion and the interaction with subjects or members of the policy system from 2010 to 2020,the paper intends to develop the diffusion models including hierarchical diffusion,constructive difusion and generative diffusion of rural teacher supplementary policy in China,and analyzes the mechanisms of diffusion innovation including administrative instructions,policy learming and socialization.