非审判的审判——阿甘本视角下的《彼拉多与耶稣》

A Non-Trial Trial:On Giorgio Agamben’s Pilate and Jesus

在《彼拉多与耶稣》(Pilate and Jesus)一书开端,阿甘本以基督教信经中"本丢·彼拉多"这个神学语境之外的存在,断定了耶稣的审判之历史性。他引用施米特(Carl Schmitt)关于基督教历史观的看法,指出彼拉多出现在信经里绝非偶然,而是必要的历史陈述,因为基督教信经的内容以至基督教的本质皆为历史的。设若基督道成肉身是绝无仅有的历史事件,"耶稣的审判因此是人类历史的一个关键时刻,在其中,永恒于某个决断点跟历史交叉了".

In Pilate and Jesus,Giorgio Agamben delves into the details of the trial of Jesus,which he regards as one of the key moments of human history:a paradoxical process that is both within and without Roman law,at a decisive point where the temporal and the eternal confront each other.This essay seeks to address this zone of undecidability wherein Pilate,the prefect of Judea who must judge the"king of the Jews",does not pronounce a sentence,while Jesus,the one who does not judge but is"handed over"to the judgment of an earthly kingdom,testifies in vain to the truth of his kingdom that is not from here.Given Agamben’s emphasis on the historicity of Pilate instead of Pilate’s theological significance in the divine economy of salvation,this essay also examines the relation between Agamben’s interpretation of the historical event of the trial and Carl Schmitt’s conception of history in light of the role of katechon,and thus suggests that the confrontation of Pilate and Jesus not only resembles the tension between sovereignty and homo sacer but also reveals the potentiality to break its logic in the unresolved krisis.