“亚略巴古的狄奥尼修斯”思想中的“否定神学”与“神的名号”

The Negative Theology and Divine Names in thoughts of Dionysius the Areopagite

“否定神学”是基督宗教思想传统中的极为重要一个部分,它自己除了源自于基督教自己的《圣经》寓意解释传统之中,还包含了源自于古典晚期的希腊异教哲学的影响,尤其是在当时占据统治地位的新柏拉图主义哲学。从历史上来说,基督教的“否定神学”的成型最终成熟于“(托名)亚略巴古的狄奥尼修斯”之手。本文将试图在他的作品《狄氏文集》之中,梳理出“否定神学”的最初模样,进而分析下“神的名号”与“否定之路”之间的思想关系。简而言之,“否定神学”并非只是单纯的否定神的概念,它同样还包含对于神灵启示的看法,这其中是包含了一定的肯定且确定的言语内容。本文将会参考与狄氏同时期的新柏拉图主义者普罗克洛斯的看法,展现在狄氏理论中“神的名号”所具有的一种“不可言说的言说”矛盾二元特性。

Negative Theology is one of the very essential parts at the heart of the Christian intellectual tradition.It includes not only the allegorical interpretations of the Bible in the Christian tradition,but also the influence of Greek pagan philosophy in Late Antiquity,particularly the dominant Neoplatonism at that time.Historically,the Negative Theology of Christianity was completed in the hands of Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite.This article intends to find out the archetype of Negative Theology in the Dionysian writings,and conduct further analysis of the relationship between the divine names and Negative Theology.To be brief,the content of Negative Theology is not a simple denial of the concept of God,but also contains a complex view of divine revelations,which means to be relevant to the positive and affirmative speech.In reference to the contemporary Neoplatonist Proclus,this article will present a conflictive duality of the divine names as a kind of u nspeakable speech in the Dionysian theory.