由《中华人民共和国民法典》和《天主教法典》视角看中国天主教会的教区

Catholic Diocese in China from the Perspective of the Civil Code and the Code of Canon Law

《天主教法典》颁布于1983年1月25日,并于1983年将临期第一主日起(11月27日)开始生效。这是天主教在1917年第一部法典之后的第二部法典,而且是在“梵二”会议之后颁布的法典,是普世拉丁礼天主教的最基本的法典文本,共计1752条。《中华人民共和国民法典》于2020年5月28日颁布,并将于2021年1月1日起施行,共计1260条。毋庸置疑,民法典是一项重大且具有历史意义的法律大成,是“一部真正属于中国人民的民法典,是新中国几代人的夙愿。”这部民法典势必会成为中国人民普遍适用和使用的法典文本。中国的天主教会团体能否从中获得适用条文呢?本文将从《中华人民共和国民法典》和《天主教法典》角度进行一个全新的探讨。

the Code of Canon Law was published on 25th January 1983 and started in force from 27 November of the same year.This Code is second one after the 1917’s for the Catholic Church and promulgated after the Second Vatican Council.It has 1752 canons.The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China was published on 28th May 2020 and will be in force from 1st January 2021.It has 1260 articles.The civil code,no doubt,is an important and historical work for the Chinese legal system which“is a civil code that truly belongs to the Chinese people,is the dream of the New Chinese people for several decades.”It will be surely an important legal text for Chinese people.Then,how to apply to the Catholic Church in China?This paper is just intended to have a study from the perspective of the text comparable to the Code of Canon Law.