中国人类学的辅仁传统(1925-1952)

The Fu Jen Tradition of Anthropology in China(1925-1952)

人类学自百余年前被引入中国以来,便产生了诸多学术传统,其中较为公认的是“北派”与“南派”。在这些传统中,中国人类学逐渐形成了“兼容并蓄、化外而内”的学术风格。创建于20世纪20年代的北京辅仁大学,曾深受德奥传播学派的学术影响,并围绕着辅仁大学的学术阵地形成了独树一帜的“辅仁传统”。辅仁的人类学学者在当时创建了诸多人类学教学的规范与体例,包括“人类学博物馆”“人类学研究所”等机构;《华裔学志》《民俗学志》等期刊。通过简要勾画“辅仁传统”的相关历程与内容,我们可以从中挖掘构建中国人类学学派的些许启发。

Since more than 100 years ago,Anthropology was brought into China,which has produced many academic traditions,among which the“North School”and the“South School”are more recognized.In these traditions,Chinese anthropology has gradually formed an academic style of“inclusive and external”.Founded in the 1920s,Beijing Fu Jen University was deeply influenced by the academic influence of the German-Austrian Communication School and formed a unique“Fu Jen Tradition”around the academic field of Fu Jen University.This scholar has created many traditions of anthropology,including the“Anthropology Museum”and the“Anthropology Institute”,and the journals such as“Monumenta Serica”and“Folklore Studies”are also major achievements.By briefly delineating the“Fu Jen Heritage”,we can explore some of the inspirations towards the Chinese Anthropology school.