19世纪英国天主教自由派思想考察——以《随笔》刊物为视角

Study on Ideology of Liberal Catholics in England in 19th century:Focusing on the Rambler

伴随着19世纪英国的基督教信仰多元化趋势,天主教重新进入公众生活的范畴。19世纪中叶,以月刊《随笔》为中心,形成了一个由知识分子为主、崇尚自由主义、以倡导学术独立为宗旨的天主教自由派作者群体。该刊物立足于提高天主教在英国的地位,同时强调对学术的自由探讨,弥合天主教徒与现代思潮的隔阂,反对越山主义。其本质诉求是使天主教与现代主义相适应。《随笔》的言论倾向导致其在教会权威与自由主义思想的对立中首当其冲,最终在1864年被迫停刊,而作为该刊作者群体的天主教自由派并未停止对教会问题的讨论。自由派与保守派的思想论争,仍然是19世纪天主教的重要思想动向。

Along with the diversification trend of Christian belief in 19 th century England,Catholicism reentered the territory of public life.Surrounding the monthly called the Rambler,a liberal Catholic author group has been formed since the middle of 19 th century.The majority of them were intellectuals.They praised highly of liberalism,proposed academic independence and emphasized the discussing of academic problems in order to reduce the gap between Catholicism and modern thoughts and oppose Ultramontanism.Their essential appeal was adapt Catholicism to modernism.The opinions of the Rambler incurred attack in opposition between the church authority and liberal thought,and the publication was ceased in 1864.However,liberal Catholics,as the main author group of this periodical,did not stop the discussing of church problems.The controversy between liberals and conservatives remained important tendency within Catholicism in 19 th century.