中国高校创新成果转移及对创新的影响——以专利转让为例

The transfer of innovation in Chinese universities and its effect on subsequent innovation:Evidence from patent trading

专利转让是高校创新成果转移的重要方式,本文采用我国高校的专利转让数据研究了高校专利转让的概况以及专利转让对创新的影响.研究发现高校在专利转让市场中的参与度越来越高,发明专利和隶属于制造业的专利是高校转让样本的重要组成部分;专利转让正向影响高校的创新,专利流动性上升一个标准差,创新上升6.75%;不同专利类型、不同高校类型受专利流动性的影响有所不同.异质性上,高校科研人员的资质越高、社会网络越丰富,专利转让对创新的影响越大;高校所在地的经济发展水平越高、融资越便利,专利转让对创新的影响越大.

Many policies have been introduced to promote the transfer and commercialization of universities’innovation.This paper studies the participation of universities in the technology market and its effect on universities’subsequent innovation using patent data.This study finds that increasingly more patents filed by universities are being traded and universities are becoming an important technology supplier.Invention patents and patents in the manufacturing industry are important components of the university patent trading sample.Patent trading positively affects the innovation of universities.A one-standard-deviation increase in university patent liquidity predicts an increase of patents by 6.75%.The effect is different among different types of patents and different types of universities.In terms of heterogeneity,the effect of patent trading on innovation is greater when university researchers are more qualified and with richer social networks,and when regional economic development is more advanced and financing is more convenient.