深圳科技馆(新馆)曲线楼梯结构设计与舒适度分析

Structural design and comfort analysis of curved staircase in Shenzhen Science and Technology Museum(new hall)

深圳科技馆(新馆)位于深圳市光明区,在3~4层之间设置了一个旋转270°的大跨度曲线楼梯。首先对楼梯结构方案进行介绍,提出吊挂悬挑梁结构方案,其次采用MIDAS Gen软件基于壳元的空间有限元模型分析梯梁支座形式、踏步支座形式以及由于约束扭转导致的翘曲对楼梯承载能力和变形性能的影响,最后对楼梯舒适度进行分析。结果表明:梯梁和踏步两端支座形式对楼梯的承载能力和变形有较大影响,梯梁上支座的影响比下支座更大,固接踏步不仅可以传递楼梯荷载,也可以协调内外梯梁的受力和变形,应优先考虑梯梁和踏步两端支座均固接的连接方式;不可忽视翘曲对构件应力的影响,否则会有安全隐患;采用吊挂悬挑梁方案可实现用更小的梯梁尺寸满足承载力、变形和舒适度等设计要求。

Shenzhen Science and Technology Museum(new hall)is located in Guangming District,Shenzhen.There is a long-span curved staircase with a rotation of 270 degrees between the 3~4 floors.Firstly,the structural design scheme was introduced and the structural scheme of hanging cantilevered beam was proposed.Secondly,the influence of support type of ladder beam and step beam and warpage caused by constrained torsion on the bearing capacity and deformation performance of staircase was analyzed by using MIDAS Gen,a software based on the spatial finite element model of shell elements.Finally,the staircase comfort analysis was carried out.The results show that the support type at both ends of the ladder beam and the step beam has a great influence on the bearing capacity and deformation of the curved staircase,and the influence of the upper support of the ladder beam is greater than that of the lower support.The fixed support type of step beam can not only transmit the staircase load,but also coordinate the force and deformation of the inner and outer ladder beams.Priority should be given to the connection method in which the supports at both ends of ladder beam and step beam are fixed.The influence of warpage on the stress of the beams cannot be ignored,otherwise there will be potential safety hazards.The use of a hanging cantilevered beam solution allows the smaller size of the ladder beam to meet the design requirements of bearing capacity,deformation and comfort.