建筑墙体碳排放优化及减碳分析

Carbon emission optimization and carbon reduction analysis of building wall

我国建筑行业长久以来存在能源消耗量大、供能模式浪费等问题,降低建筑碳排放,合理优化建筑结构、材料、部品是绿色持续发展的重点方向之一。对比分析各个分部分项工程的碳排最优方案对于节能降碳尤为重要。基于广联达BIM模型得出博物馆的模型工程量清单,通过测算建筑墙体不同施工方案下的碳排放量,进行减碳优化,以指导建筑工程的低碳施工优化,针对建筑的生产工艺、运输运距、现场物化等方面,测算了现浇混凝土墙、ALC轻质隔墙、AAC砌块在生产、运输、物化阶段的实际碳排放量。同时针对墙体优化减碳,制作了利用地热能的车库地热连续墙,用于建筑地下外墙与地上外墙的能源互通。结果表明,4层的大跨层高弧形建筑在生产、运输、物化总体阶段,现浇混凝土施工单位面积碳排放较AAC砌块施工降低了5.97kg;室内隔墙施工中,ALC板单位面积碳排放较AAC砌块施工降低了3.01kg。地热连续墙平均每平米可产生38W的热能。

Chinese construction industry always has problems of large energy consumption and energy supply mode waste.To reduce building carbon emission and rationally optimize building structure,materials and parts is one of the key directions of green sustainable development.It is very important to compare and analyze the optimal carbon emission scheme of each branch project for carbon reduction.Based on the BIM model,the model engineering quantity list of the museum is obtained.Carbon reduction optimization is carried out by calculating the carbon emissions of construction under different construction schemes of the building wall,so as to guide the low-carbon construction optimization of the building project.In terms of the production process,transportation distance,site materialization and other aspects of the building.The actual carbon emissions of cast-in-place concrete wall,ALC light partition wall and AAC block during production,transportation and physicochemical stage were calculated.At the same time,aiming at the optimization of wall carbon reduction,the geothermal continuous wall of garage using geothermal energy is made,which is used for the energy intercommunication between the underground wall and the above-ground wall of the building.The results show that the carbon emission per unit area of cast-in situ concrete construction is 5.97kg lower than that of AAC block construction in the overall stage of production,transportation and physicochemical development.In the construction of indoor partition wall,the carbon emission per unit area of ALC board is 3.01kg lower than that of AAC block construction.Geothermal diaphragm walls can generate an average of 38W of heat energy per square meter.