柬埔寨国家体育场风荷载设计研究

Design and research on wind load for Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia

柬埔寨国家体育场项目属于索膜结构,对风荷载影响敏感。但柬埔寨目前没有健全的国家工程设计规范体系,风荷载取值也没有明确的标准依据。首先对金边国际机场(VDPP)近20年风速风向等气象资料进行整理,分析其概率分布特征,总结其风速风向特点。结果表明,VDPP数据在各个风向上大风出现的概率基本在1%以下,大概率区间处在0°和180°风向角附近,年最大风速主要集中在南北向。其次对不同重现期的风速,以年最大极值风速为样本,采用独立风暴法对本项目基本风压进行研究,结合周边国家的规范,给出建议基本风压:10年重现期取0.4kPa;50年重现期取0.45kPa;100年重现期取0.5kPa。然后利用风洞试验对结构进行分析,得到风压系数,并给出典型风向角下结构表面和墙面的风压分布云图和不同风向角下的极值风压,得出体育场屋面极值风压的变化范围为-1.5~0.9kPa、墙面的极值风压的变化范围为-0.8~1.4kPa。最后对结构进行风振响应分析,得到结构的等效静力风荷载。同时还利用数值风洞对外墙开洞率及罩棚仰角进行优化,确定了外墙最优开洞率60%和罩棚仰角14°。

The cable-membrane structure,which is sensitive to wind load effects,is adopted for Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia.However,there is no well-established standard system for engineering design in Cambodia.Also,there are no specific standard provisions for the wind load.Firstly,meteorological data,such as the wind speeds and directions,of the recent 20 years recorded by the Phnom Penh International Airport(VDPP)was collected,and the characteristics of the probability distribution for the collected data were analyzed,and the features of wind speeds and directions were summarized.The results show that the probability of the occurrence of strong wind in each wind direction of VDPP data is basically below 1%,and the large probability interval is near the wind direction angles of 0°and 180°,and the annual maximum wind speed is mainly in the north-south direction.Secondly,for the wind speeds with different return periods,the annual maximums were used as samples,and the method of independent storms was adopted in the research on the basic wind pressure for the design of Morodok Techo National Stadium in the Kingdom of Cambodia.According to the specifications of surrounding countries,the basic wind pressure was recommended as 0.4 kPa for 10-year return period,0.45 kPa for 50-year return period and 0.5 kPa for 100-year return period.Thirdly,the wind tunnel test was performed on the structure model,and the pressure coefficients were obtained.Besides,the distribution pattern of the wind pressure on the canopy and the exterior walls under typical wind directions,as well as the maximum wind pressure under different wind directions were presented.The results show that the range of maximum wind pressure of the stadium canopy is-1.5~0.9 kPa,and that of exterior wall is-0.8~1.4 kPa.Finally,the response of the structure under wind loads was analyzed,and the equivalent static wind load was obtained.Furthermore,numerical wind tunnel simulation was carried out to optimize the opening ratio of the curtain wall and the elevation angle of the canopy.Then the optimal values were determined,which are 60%and 14°for opening ratio and elevation angle of the canopy respectively.