基于轴重转移的轴控系统制动力分配研究

Research on braking force distribution in axle controlled braking control system based on axle load transfer

现有的列车制动力分配策略按整辆车重进行分配,未考虑轴重转移对列车安全运行的影响,严重情况下可能导致列车滑行。轴控制动控制系统以单轴为基本控制单元,进行制动力的计算和分配,能够提高制动控制精度和缩短响应时间。基于轴控制动控制系统提出了一种车辆轴重转移的计算方法,利用重心力矩平衡方程分别对车体和转向架进行受力分析,利用一阶状态观测器估计轮轨力转矩,同时考虑风阻及车钩作用力,对车辆各轴实际轴重进行计算,分别给出了水平轨道和坡度轨道上车辆实际轴重的计算方法,根据每根轴的实际轴重进行制动力分配。仿真分析和试验验证结果表明所提出方法能够更充分地利用轮轨黏着,同时降低了发生滑行的风险,能够有效提高列车运行安全性。

The existing train braking force distribution strategy is based on the weight of the entire vehicle,without considering the impact of axle load transfer on the safe operation of the train,which may lead to train sliding in severe cases.The axle controlled braking control system uses a single axle as the basic control unit to calculate and manage braking force,which can improve braking control accuracy and shorten response time.Based on the axle controlled braking control system,a calculation method of vehicle axle load transfer is proposed.The force analysis of the car body and bogie is carried out using the balance equation of gravity center moment,the wheel rail force torque is estimated using a first-order state observer,and the actual axle load of each axle of the vehicle is calculated taking into account the wind resistance and coupler force.The article provides calculation methods for vehicle actual axle weight on horizontal rail and slope rail respectively.The simulation analysis and experimental verification results indicate that the proposed method can more fully utilize wheel rail adhesion,while reducing the risk of sliding and effectively improving the safety of train operation.