Advances in the Integration of Nucleic Acid Nanotechnology into CRISPR-Cas System

The microbial adaptive immune systems composed of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)and CRISPR-associated protein(Cas),have been repurposed as revolutionary tool kits in many fields,including gene editing,transcriptional regulation,bioimaging and biosensing.Owing to the unprecedented programmability of base paring in nucleic acids,the progress in nucleic acid nanotechnology has brought new inspiration to CRISPR-Cas system.In this mini review,we summarized the research progress of the integration of nucleic acid nanotechnology into CRISPR-Cas system,including delivery of Cas proteins by DNA nanovehicles,conditional CRISPR-Cas system based on dynamic RNA nanotechnology,coupling of CRISPR-Cas and DNA origami.We also discussed the development prospects of the potential combinations of CRISPR-Cas system and nucleic acid nanotechnology.