基于社会记忆视角的韶山红色旅游发展研究

Research on the Development of Red Tourism in Shaoshan from the Perspective of Social Memory

社会记忆在旅游社会文化研究中具有独特的意义。文章选用社会记忆资源丰富的韶山风景名胜区作为研究区域,运用内容分析法对收集的网络游记、游客网络评价和访谈文本进行处理,研究发现:韶山红色旅游地社会记忆的具体维度包括人物记忆、时间记忆、空间记忆和环境记忆;旅游者对韶山红色旅游地社会记忆要素的认知表现出:政治性、纪念性、地域性与特定主体的共生性和价值延展性5个特征;历史文化景观、纪念仪式、身体实践和社会媒体是塑造到访韶山旅游者群体关于该地社会记忆的4种主要途径;韶山的相关社会记忆是通过传播媒介、载体流传于旅游者生产、生活范围的以革命历史、事迹和精神为内涵的社会文化元素的集合。最后,通过对红色旅游地社会记忆的维度结构、被认知特征、塑造途径和概念的分析,以期能够为测量评价红色旅游地社会记忆的研究提供微薄的理论依据。

Social memory has unique significance in the study of tourism society and culture.The article selects the Shaoshan scenic spot as the research object,and uses content analysis to process the collected online travel notes,visitor evaluations and interview texts.The research finds:(1)The specific dimensions of the social memory of Shaoshan’s red tourist destination include people memory,time memory,space memory and environmental memory;(2)Tourists’cognition of the social memory elements of Shaoshan’s red tourist destination shows the following five characteristics:political,memorial,regional,symbiotic with specific subjects and value extendibility;(3)Historical and cultural landscape,memorial ceremony,physical practice and social media are the four main ways to shape the social memory of the tourist groups visiting Shaoshan;(4)Shaoshan-related social memory is a collection of social and cultural elements,with revolutionary history,deeds and spirit as its connotations,which spread in the production and living areas of tourists by means social media.Finally,through the analysis of the dimensional structure,recognized characteristics,shaping methods and concepts of the social memory of the red tourist destinations,it is hoped that it can provide certain theoretical basis for the measurement and evaluation of the social memory of the red tourist destinations.