夜蛾科昆虫气味受体研究进展

Research Progress on Odorant Receptors of Noctuidae

昆虫的嗅觉系统是实现觅食、交配、产卵、躲避天敌等生理活动所必需的,而嗅觉系统功能的实现有赖于各种气味蛋白的参与,包括气味结合蛋白、气味受体、化学感受蛋白、离子型受体等,其中气味受体(Odorant Receptors,ORs)是蛋白家族的核心部分。气味受体分为两类:非典型气味受体和典型气味受体。非典型气味受体在不同昆虫中保守且广泛表达;典型气味受体则是在不同昆虫间高度特异的传统气味受体。目前用于探究昆虫气味受体的研究方法主要有RNAi技术、CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术、非洲爪蟾卵母细胞表达技术等。本文着重介绍鳞翅目夜蛾科昆虫气味受体的研究进展,从气味受体的鉴定、分类、研究方法到功能研究来系统阐述目前夜蛾科昆虫气味受体的研究进展及最新成果,为未来从气味受体方向防治夜蛾科害虫提供参考。

The olfactory system of insects is essential for physiological activities such as foraging,mating,oviposition and avoidance of natural enemies.Its functions depend on the involvement of various odor proteins,including Odorant-binding Proteins,Odorant Receptors,Chemosensory Proteins and Ionotropic Receptors.Odorant receptors(ORs)is the core of the protein family.There are two types of odorant receptors:conventional odorant receptors and odorant receptor coreceptor.Odorant receptor coreceptor are conserved and widely expressed in different insects.Conventional odorant receptors are traditional odorant receptors that are highly specific between insects.At present,the main research methods used to explore insect odorant receptors include RNAi,CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technique,Xenopus oocyte expression technology.This paper focuses on the research progress of odorant receptors in Noctuidae,Lepidoptera.From the identification,classification,research methods and functional studies of odorant receptors aspects,this paper describes the research progress and latest achievements of odorant receptors in Noctuidae systematically,and provides references for the future control of Noctuidae pests from the direction of odorant receptors.