2018-2020年成都某三甲医院HIV感染者/AIDS患者病例特征分析

Characteristic analysis of HIV infections and AIDS patients in a third-class hospital in Chengdu from 2018 to 2020

目的了解成都大学附属医院HIV感染者/AIDS病人的病例分布特征,为成都市综合医院的HIV感染预防和控制提供依据。方法以2018年至2020年该院64920例样本为研究对象,采用胶体金法、酶联免疫法和化学发光法进行初筛,初筛阳性以免疫印迹法确证;回顾性分析阳性患者一般资料,描述性分析该院HIV感染者/AIDS病人病例特征。结果共完成64920例HIV抗体检测,初筛阳性365例(0.56%),HIV/TP/HCV/HBV共感染107例(29.32%)。自愿送确证试验127例(34.79%),其中确证阳性121例(95.28%),阴性6例(4.72%)。初筛阳性病例中,男性295例(80.82%),女性70例(19.18%),中位数年龄42岁,35-50岁为高危人群。病例来源以就诊病人居多(199,54.52%),以皮肤科患者为主(73/199,36.68%);其次为羁押人员(120,32.88%)和体检者(46,12.60%)。结论我国HIV感染目前处于低流行阶段,但是三甲综合医院检出率依然较高。HIV感染流行有从特殊人群往普通人群过渡的趋势。成大附院应加大筛查力度,根据该院HIV感染者/AIDS病人病例特征,有针对性地干预,防治HIV感染扩散。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics among HIV infections and AIDS patients in Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control measures of HIV infection in comprehensive hospital in Chengdu.Methods A total of 64920 patient samples from 2018 to April 2020 were selected as the study objects.The samples were screened by ICA,ELISA and chemiluminescence,and confirmed by laboratory western blot(WB).Retrospectively analyze the general information of positive patients,and descriptively analyze the characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients in this hospital.Results A total of 64920 HIV antibody tests were completed,and 365 positive samples were screened with a positive rate of 0.56%.107 samples were coinfection with a positive rate of 29.32%.127 cases were voluntarily sent for confirmation test,of which 121 samples were confirmed with a positive rate of 95.28%and 6 samples were confirmed with a negative rate of 4.72%.In the initial screening positive group there were 295 males and 70 females in which the median age was 42 years old and 35-50 years old are high-risk groups.The source of cases was mostly patients(199,54.52%),mainly dermatology patients(73/199,36.68%);Followed by detainees(120,32.88%)and medical examiners(46,12.60%).Conclusion Though the current prevalence of HIV in the country is still low,the detection rate in the top three general hospitals is still high.The HIV infection epidemic has a trend of transition from special populations to general populations.Stronger screening efforts and targeted intervention should be implemented based on the characteristics of HIV-infected/AIDS patients in The Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University to prevent the spread of HIV infection.