艾滋病、结核病和病毒性肝炎患者心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of mental health status and influencing factors of AIDS, tuberculosis and hepatitis B patients

目的了解和评价艾滋病、结核病和病毒性肝炎患者的心理健康状况,并研究其影响因素,为提高其生命质量和治疗效果提供依据。方法采用问卷调查的方法对2015年至2017年在鹤壁市传染病医院进行治疗的艾滋病患者、结核病患者和病毒性肝炎患者进行随机抽样,采用自填法,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90量表),对患者进行问卷调查,了解三种疾病患者的心理健康状况。结果完成调查的有108人,纳入本次研究的有94人。性别、婚姻状况、人均收入、医保形式、病程长度在不同疾病患者之间分布均有统计学意义。研究组的总均分、躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、精神病性等方面的得分都比国内常模高。艾滋病患者(SCL-90)量表项目总分(151.04±13.232),总均分(1.68±0.147)、各维度得分分别为强迫症状(1.94±0.196)、人际关系敏感(1.79±0.163)、抑郁(1.82±0.165)、焦虑(1.69±0.168)、敌对(1.73±0.173)、恐怖(1.42±0.109)均高于其他两种疾病。结论艾滋病、结核病和病毒性肝炎患者的心理健康水平都比较差。其中艾滋病患者的心理问题较为严重,肝炎患者的较轻。不同疾病患者之间影响心理健康的主要因素也不同。在对患者躯体上的疾病进行治疗的同时,还应分类开展健康教育工作,以提高治疗效果和生活质量。

Objective To investigate and evaluate the mental health status of AIDS,tuberculosis,hepatitis B patients,and to study its influencing factors,in order to improve the quality of life of AIDS,tuberculosis,quality of life of patients with hepatitis,provide the basis for treatment.Methods By using the method of questionnaire survey on tuberculosis distribution from 2015 to 2016 for the treatment of AIDS,a hospital,patients with AIDS,tuberculosis and viral hepatitis such as hepatitis B were randomly sampled,using self-administered method,using symptom checklist 90(SCL-90),on the questionnaire survey,to understand the mental health status of patients with chronic infectious disease of different types.Results There were 108 people in the survey,and there were 95 people in the analysis.The results showed that sex,marital status,per capita income,health insurance form,length of the course of the disease were statistically significant among the different patients,P<0.05.The total score,somatization,obsessive compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,hostility,terror and psychosis in the study group were higher than those in the national norm.AIDS patients(SCL-90)scale total score(151.04±13.232),the total average(1.68±0.147),the scores were obsessive-compulsive symptoms(1.94±0.196),interpersonal sensitivity(1.79±0.163),depression(1.82±0.165),anxiety(1.69±0.168),hostility(1.73±0.173),terrorist(1.42±0.109)were higher than the other two kinds of diseases.Conclusion AIDS,tuberculosis,hepatitis B patients are psychologically poor levels of health.Among them,the psychological problems of AIDS patients are more serious.The psychological problems of hepatitis patients are mild.The main factors that affect mental health are also different among patients with different diseases.In the process of diagnosis and treatment of patients with chronic infectious diseases,not only to treat patients with physical illness,but also psychological guidance according to different mental health problems in patients with different diseases to carry out health education,strengthen the chronic infectious disease related knowledge and policy propaganda,in order to improve the therapeutic effect,improve the quality of life.