合作原则视角下扶贫纪录片扶贫干部形象的话语构建——以《柴米油盐之上:开勇》为例

Image Construction of the Poverty Alleviation Cadre in Poverty Alleviation Documentaries from the Perspective of Cooperation Principle--Take“A Long Cherished Dream:A Room of Their Own”as An Example

随着中国脱贫攻坚战的全面胜利,以扶贫为主题的纪录片成为讲述与传播中国经验的重要媒介。本文以扶贫纪录片《柴米油盐之上:开勇》为研究对象,通过分析片中的对话、独白、旁白对合作原则的遵守和违反,探究主人公常开勇这一人物形象的话语构建。结果显示,纪录片中包含的对话多次违反量的准则和关系准则,体现出扶贫干部工作的策略和耐心;常开勇及其妻子曹家艳的独白违反量的准则,构建了扶贫干部舍小家为大家的无私奉献形象;开头和结尾的旁白文本在遵守合作原则的基础上展现了故事背景,体现出脱贫攻坚的胜利是万千扶贫干部共同艰苦努力的结果。纪录片运用合作原则的话语策略,通过构建单个扶贫干部的人物形象,折射中国扶贫干部的群体形象,体现了以小见大、紧贴实际的中国基层社会治理话语体系。

With China’s overall success in the battle against poverty,a batch of documentaries on poverty eradication have sprung up,which is one of the most important medium to record and propagate China’s experience.This study aims to explore the construction of the protagonist Chang Kaiyong’s image in the poverty alleviation documentary“A Long Cherished Dream:A Room of Their Own”through the compliance and violation of Cooperative Principle(CP)in the dialogues,monologues and voiceovers.The results demonstrate that dialogues in this documentary violate both the Maxims of Quantity and Relevance,reflecting the strategy and patience of the poverty alleviation cadre;the monologues of Chang Kaiyong and his wife Cao Jiayan violate the Maxim of Quantity,depicting cadres’spirit of sacrificing individual interests for public benefits;while the voiceovers at the beginning and end of the documentary obey CP and present relevant background,showing that the victory in poverty alleviation is the joint efforts of thousands of grassroots cadres in China.On the basis of CP,this documentary portrays the faith and persistence of Chinese poverty alleviation cadres by concentrating on an individual figure.It constructs the discourse system of grassroots governance in China that images the group through the typical and concrete details.