优先原则在汉语非赞同评价中的体现

Preference Principles Operating in the Disagreements withAssessment in Chinese Conversation

会话分析已有研究认为,交际中的评价序列普遍遵循“尽可能避免或减少不同意、不确定和拒绝”的优先原则。然而,这种单一原则简化了交际中所实施行为的复杂性。鉴于此,本研究聚焦汉语会话的评价行为,对电话通话录音和日常会话录像中的26例非赞同评价进行分析。研究发现,汉语交际者对贬低、称赞、抱怨这三种行为的回应在话轮设计上显示了不赞同、不接受或部分接受等特征,这表明汉语非赞同评价中存在冲突性优先原则或多重优先原则。

It has been agreed among conversation analysts that assessment sequences generally operate under the preference principle of"avoiding or reducing disagreements,disconfirmations and rejections if possible".However,researchers’proposal of the single preference principle is oversimplifying the complexity of actions occurring in interaction.In view of such problem,this study analyzes 26 excerpts of disagreeing assessment from Chinese phone calls and videos.It is found that participants’dispreferred responses to three types of actions—deprecation,compliment,and complaint—display features such as disapproval,dismissal and partial rejection in their turn design.This proves the existence of conflicting preference principles in ordinary Chinese conversation.