论《生死场》中的动物性书写

On the Animality Description in The Field of Life and Death

萧红在小说《生死场》中展现了20世纪30年代中国东北乡村人民悲惨的生存图景,其中不仅刻画了众多形象鲜明的人物,也高频率地描写了乡村的动物。动物的生活与人的生活互为背景、互相穿插,暗示着二者之间高度的相似性;同时作者又从自身的女性视角出发,通过人与动物的出生、交配、生育、死亡的对比,隐喻了乡村人民尤其是妇女们在层层压迫下与禽兽无异的生存与精神状态。冷静的书写背后寄寓着作者对底层民众的深切悲悯和对人性变异的思考。

Besides the description of villagers,the depiction for various kinds of animals is also frequent in The Field of Life and Death,a novel written by Xiao Hong.The novel depicts the miserable life of rural people in northeast China in the 1930s.The interweaving appearances of animals and human beings for their life and behaviors which are applied as alternating backgrounds imply the high similarity between the two.Meanwhile,starting from the perspective of herself a female,the author also metaphorically depicts the survival and mental state of rural people,especially women,who are no different from animals under the oppression by comparing the birth,mating,procreation and death between human beings and animals.Behind the calm writing style lie the author’s deep sympathy for the people at the bottom of society and her reflection on the variation of human nature.