现代汉语摹状副词“可劲”与“死劲”的异同——兼论习语化“可劲儿造”的特征与功用

An Analysis of the Similarities and Differences betweenthe Descriptive Adverbs"Kějìn(可劲)"and"Sǐjìn(死劲)"in Modern Chinese:Features and Functions of the Idiomaticalized"Kejinzao(可劲儿造)"

"可劲"与"死劲"的表义侧重与特色包括情态化与摹状化的表义倾向、方言体与口语体的语体色彩、强调式与凸显式的表义侧重;语义重心与倾向包括理性度高低的语义内涵、特配型多少的搭配选择、主观性强弱的语用倾向等;演化趋势与特点涉及拓展的摹状功用、特定的习惯用语、存留的兼类功用。

The semantic characteristics of the expressions of"kějìn(可劲)"and"sǐjìn(死劲)"include the tendency of moralization and description.Stylistically,they have dialectal and oral features.Pragmatically,they are used to show empahsis and prominence.The semantic focus and tendency include semantic connotation of rationality,the collocation choice of the number of special matches,the pragmatic tendency of subjectivity,etc.Their evolutionary trends and characteristics involve extended descriptive functions,specific idioms and multi-category functions.