構式“V只V”的構成、功能及其構式化歷程研究

A Study on the Composition,Function,and Constructionalization of the construction“V Zhi(只)V”

在構式“V只V”中,V是單音節動詞,“只”是限定副詞,V在複指前面動作的基礎上形成話題,“只V”則對前面話題進行説明,整個構式具有焦點凸顯、反預期、交互主觀以及語篇銜接功能。這一構式是在假設性複句語境中,通過省縮和話題拷貝而形成的。該構式形成後具有巨大的能產性,這旣表現在不同動詞能進入該構式,也體現在限定副詞“只”的位置也可以進入限定副詞“則”“僅”“便”“就”等。另外,語法構式“V只V”形成後,構式化的歷程並未結束,當V是心理動詞,特别是“怕”時,“怕只怕”發生了詞彙構式化演變,其功能相當於一個語氣副詞。構式的深入研究既要有還原主義的研究,又要有整體主義的研究,從而走一條精緻還原主義和精緻整體主義相結合的道路。

In the construction“V Zhi(只)V”,V is a monosyllabic verb,“Zhi”is a finite adverb,V forms a topic based on the previous action,and“Zhi(只)V”explains the previous topic.The entire construction has the functions of highlighting the focus,anti expectation,interactive subjectivity,and discourse cohesion.This construction is formed through introspection and topic copying in the context of hypothetical complex sentences.After the formation of this construction,it has enormous productivity,which is reflected not only in the productivity formed by different verbs entering the construction,but also in the position of the qualifying adverb“Zhi”and can be reflected by entering the qualifying adverbs“Ze(則)”,“Zhi”(只),“Bian”(便),“Jiu”(就),etc.Moreover,after the formation of the grammatical construction“V Zhi(只)V”,the process of construction has not ended.When V is a psychological verb,especially the psychological verb“Pa”(怕),“Pa Zhi Pa”(怕只怕)undergoes a lexical construction evolution,and its function is equivalent to a modal adverb.The in-depth study of construction requires both reductionist and holistic research,following a path of combining refined reductionism and refined holism,