先秦兩漢“舟/船”的歷時更替及相關問題討論

Diachronic Replacement of Zhou(舟)and Chuan(船)in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties and Discussion on Relevant Issues

本文考察並描寫了“舟/船”在先秦兩漢的歷時更替過程,在此基礎上討論了“船”的始見年代、“船”何時替代“舟”以及“舟”與“船”之間的關係等幾個相關問題。通過實例表明,研究先秦兩漢常用詞的更替演變,應當充分結合出土文獻與傳世典籍進行綜合考察和相互印證,同時也要重視異文材料的佐證價值,如此才能使研究結論更加接近語言演變的事實。

This paper investigates and describes the diachronic replacement process of Zhou(舟)and Chuan(船)in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties.On this basis,it discusses several related issues such as the age when Chuan(船)means boat in the documents,when Zhou(舟)to be replaced by Chuan(船)and the relationship between Zhou(舟)and Chuan(船).The examples show that the study of the replacement and evolution of the commonly common words in the pre Qin and Han Dynasties should be fully combined with the unearthed documents and handed down classics for comprehensive investigation and mutual confirmation,and at the same time,the corroborative value of divergent texts should be paid attention to,so as to make the research conclusion closer to the fact of language evolution.