《説文長箋》所反映的趙宦光等韻學思想

The Theoretical Study of Rhyme Tables by Zhao Yiguang Reflected in Shuowen Changjian

《説文長箋》是明末學者趙宦光文字學研究的代表作,學界較少從音韻學作探討,而從等韻方面作研究的極少。今以《説文長箋》爲材料,並參之《悉曇經傳》,從聲、韻、調三點對其等韻學思想展開挖掘。"聲"即"宮商角徵羽"五音,"韻"即"三聲(中聲、内聲、外聲)"及"十四攝二十八排","調"即"五聲"(尤其是"展聲")。在解釋一些術語時,還結合了一定的方言史文獻及現代方言材料。趙氏等韻學思想如實反映了明末吳語部分語音特徵,對這一問題的研究將有助於增進學界對明末等韻學和方言史的認識。

Shuowen Changjian(《説文長箋》),a book primarily talked about classical Chinese graphonology,is one of representative works of the scholar Zhao Yiguang(趙宦光)in late Ming.However,it is seldom discussed from the perspective of Chinese phonology,let alone the study of rhyme tables.This paper uses Shuowen Changjian as primary materials,and also consults Xitan Jingzhuan(《悉曇經傳》).It researches the study of rhyme tables from three parts,by analyzing the five initial consonants(of Chinese syllables),Three Sheng(Zhongsheng-Neisheng-Waisheng中聲-內聲-外聲)and fourteen rhyme groups(十四攝)and twenty eight Pai(二十八排),five tones(esepecially Zhansheng展聲).The paper uses some modern linguistic materials as circumstantial evidence,in order to give some relevant explanations and comments to Zhao’s classical term in Shuowen Changjian.It also reflects some characteristics of the Wu dialect in the late Ming Dynasty,which can help us to enhance the academic understanding of the rhyme and dialect history in this period.