“斿、游、遊、汓、泅”字詞關係考

On the Character-Word Relation between斿,游,遊,汓and泅

"斿、游、遊、汓、泅"的字詞關係比較複雜。在旗旒、游水、遊歷等義上,傳統文字學經典著作、傳世古書、出土文獻的用字習慣多有錯綜。而古漢語詞彙研究首先要釐清字詞間的複雜關係,窮盡一個詞的書寫形式,如此方能全面考察該詞用例,作出準確科學的研究。本文從研究游水義"游"的角度切入,結合出土文字資料與傳世古書用例,全面考察有關字詞關係,廓清了各字與旗旒、游水、遊歷等義的對應關係;又根據故訓、異文等材料,從音理、詞義等角度來論證"泅"最初是"游"的語音變體,音變産生的時間大約在東漢中晚期,且主要集中於南方地區。

The character-word relation between斿,游,遊,汓and泅is more complex.In the sense of旗旒,游水and遊歷,there are many intricacies in the usage of ancient dictionaries,classical documents and unearthed documents.In the study of ancient Chinese lexis,we must first clarify the complex relation between characters and words,exhausting the writing form of one word,so that we can comprehensively investigate the cases of the word and make accurate and scientific research.This article starts from the perspective of studying the sense of SWIM(游水),combining the unearthed documents data and the cases of classical documents,comprehensively investigates the relation between relevant words,and clarifies the corresponding relation between each word and the sense of旗旒,游水,and遊歷;Different texts and other materials demonstrate from the perspectives of phonology and word meaning that泅was originally aphonetic variant of游.The phonic change occurred around the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty and was mainly concentrated in the southern region.