從唐代近體詩用韻看《廣韻》“獨用”“同用”例

On the Separated and Merged Rhyme Categories of Guangyun(《廣韻》)Based on Regulated Verses of the Tang Dynasty

通過全面考察唐代近體詩用韻,並與古體詩用韻進行比照,可知唐人功令爲:東獨用、冬鍾同用、江獨用、支脂之同用、微獨用、魚獨用、虞模同用、齊獨用、佳皆同用、灰咍同用、真諄臻欣同用、文獨用、元魂痕同用、寒桓同用、删山同用、先仙同用、蕭宵同用、肴獨用、豪獨用、歌戈同用、麻獨用、陽唐同用、庚耕清同用、青獨用、蒸登同用、尤侯幽同用、侵獨用、覃談同用、鹽添同用、咸銜同用、嚴凡同用。《廣韻》獨用、同用例乃承襲唐人功令而來,開始施行於開元年間。

By comprehensively examining the rhymes used in the regulated verses of the Tang Dynasty and comparing them with the rhymes used in the classical-style poems.It is found that the rhyming rules of examination in the Tang dynasty are as follows:Dong(東)was used separately;Dong(冬)and Zhong(鍾)were merged,Jiang(江)was used separately;Zhi(支),Zhi(脂)and Zhi(之)were merged;Wei(微)was used separately;Yu(魚)was used separately;Yu(虞)and Mu(模)were merged;Qi(齊)was used separately;Jia(佳)and Jie(皆)were merged;Hui(灰)and Hai(咍)were merged;Zhen(真),Zhun(諄),Zhen(臻)and Xin(欣)were merged;Wen(文)was used separately;Yuan(元),Hun(魂)and Hen(痕)were merged;Han(寒)and Huan(桓)were merged;Shan(删)and Shan(山)were merged;Xian(先)and Xian(仙)were merged;Xiao(蕭)and Xiao(宵)were merged;Yao(肴)was used separately;Hao(豪)was used separately;Ge(歌)and Ge(戈)were merge;Ma(麻)was used separately;Yang(陽)and Tang(唐)were merge;Geng(庚),Geng(耕),Qing(清)were merged;Qing(青)was separated;Zheng(蒸)and Deng(登)were merged;You(尤),Hou(侯)and You(幽)were merged;Qin(侵)was used separately;Tan(覃)and Tan(談)were merged;Yan(鹽)and Tian(添)were merged;Xian(咸)and Xian(銜)were merged;Yan(嚴)and Fan(凡)were merged.The“Wide Rhyme”was an inheritance from the Tang dynasty,which began to be implemented in the Kaiyuan(開元)period.