《蒙古字韵》對近代韵圖的接受與調整

On the Phenomenon of Menggu Ziyun’s Inheriting from and Modifing on Rhyme Tables

楊耐思、寗忌浮主張,《蒙古字韵》與《古今韵會舉要》及韵表《七音三十六母通考》音系都來源於《七音韵》。沈鍾偉則認爲《七音韵》是按照《蒙古字韵》製作的。理由是《通考》中有些錯誤只和八思巴字字形有關,無法從漢字字形上找到出錯的理由。我們認爲,《七音韵》作爲三書源頭的地位不應改變,只是《韵會》及《通考》編寫時既參考了《七音韵》,也參考了《蒙古字韵》。《七音韵》的字母韵是其音系的主體,是革新。此外,書中應該還附有守舊的"等韵門法"。《蒙古字韵》編寫時受到了這兩種因素影響,同時也有蒙古語音系的影響和八思巴字拼寫規則的制約,從而出現了不少特殊拼寫。

Yang Naisi and Ning Jifu have pointed out that the Menggu Ziyun,Gujin yunhui juyao and Tongkao had inherited fromQiyinyun.But Zhongwei Shen has said that Qiyinyun had inherited from Menggu Ziyun,because of some of mistakes in Tongkao only relating to hP’ags-pa spelling forms,not to Chinese characters.In my opinion,Menggu Ziyun had inherited fromQiyinyun,as Yang and Ning have said.Yunhui and Tongkao had inherited from not only Qiyinyun,but also from MengguZiyun.Zimuyun is main body of Qiyinyun’phonology which reflects new historical evolution in post Clasical Chinese phonology.And,The Rules of Divisions and Rhymes had been also one of section in Qiyinyun.The writer of Menggu Ziyun had been effected by these two factors,at the same time,been effected by the Mongolian Phonology and hP’ags-pa spelling system,so some special spelling forms in Menggu Ziyun had been brought out.