也談改“反”爲“切”——以《文選》諸版本音注術語的演變爲切入點

On Changing fan(反)to qie(切):Starting from the Evolution of Phonetic Terminology in Wenxuan

從《文選》的版本演變推知,音注的反切後綴大規模地改"反"爲"切"始於北宋國子監本,其起點是徐鉉校定《説文解字》與之後一系列官方書籍的印刻。清儒所論隋唐"避反爲切"並無注音證據支持,今見宋代以前文獻中的反切格式皆爲"某某反"或"某某翻","切"字只用於行文論音,並未成爲音注的反切格式。北宋監本的影響使得"某某切"逐漸成爲主流的反切格式,但"某某反"始終未被完全替代。釐清"改反爲切"的範圍和時代,對考察音注來源,鑒定文獻版本和探索文本演變規律都有重要的價值。

The large-scale change of phonetic terms from fan to qie began with the printing of the Northern Song Dynasty Directorate of Imperial Academy Edition Calibration of Shuowenjiezi and a series of subsequent official books,rather than the taboo of fanafter the Middle Tang Dynasty.In the early transcriptions before Song Dynasty,phonetic terms are all used XX-fan,and qieis only occasionally appeared in the change of writing.Since the Song Dynasty,due to the influence of official edition,XX-qie has become the new custom of phonetic transcription,but XX-fan has not been completely replaced.It is of great value to clarify the scope and time of changing fan to qie for investigating the source of phonetic notes,identifying versions and deepening the understanding of the law of text evolution.