論近代漢語四組詞的地域流變及其成因

On the Regional Evolution of Four Words in Pre-modern Chinese and Its Causes

揭示詞的地域流變是漢語詞彙史需要研究的一個重要問題。兹以"事體""肚皮"以及表"活兒""用品"義的"生活"、表"抛撇"義的"閃"爲例,對其産生、發展以及在現代漢語中的沿用流變做考察,勾勒其嬗變之軌迹。研究表明:同義詞的競争、表義不明晰、詞義負擔過重是影響詞語地域流變的因素;部分現代漢語方言詞是由近代漢語通語詞發展、演變而來,它們在方言中既有承傳,又有創新。

One important question of the lexical history of Chinese is to reveal the regional evolution of words.This paper focus on four groups words,i.e"Shiti","Dupi","Shenghuo"with the meaning"work""articles for use","Shan"with the meaning"abandon"and chart their evolution by investigating their origination and development in history,and their evolution situation in local dialects.Research shows the competition of synonym、ambiguity of meaning、semantic overload are factors which influnce the regional evolution of words;Some modern Chinese dialect words are developed and evolved from the premodern Chinese words.Those words are both inheritance and innovation in local dialects.