广西铁山港(临海)工业区围填海工程所致湿地生态系统服务功能损失评估

Appraisal of wetland ecosystem service function loss caused by sea reclamation project in coastal Tieshangang industrial zone of Guangxi

围填海工程不仅对湿地生物资源造成重大损害,也会对湿地生态系统的服务功能造成严重影响。本文以广西铁山港(临海)工业区为例,利用替代成本法、影子工程法、成果参照法和市场价格法构建了围填海工程湿地生态服务功能损失评估模型,并对其造成的湿地生态服务功能损失进行了定量评估。结果表明,铁山港(临海)工业区围填海工程对湿地生态服务功能造成的损失为685.94万元/a,单位面积损失约57.24万元/(km^(2)·a)。4类湿地生态系统服务功能损失由多到少依次为支持服务功能、供给服务功能、调节服务功能和文化服务功能。其中支持服务损失占总损失的49.3%,其他服务功能损失按照从多到少的顺序占总损失的比例分别为20.92%和16.39%和13.39%。表明铁山港(临海)工业区围填海工程对围填海区域的湿地生态系统服务功能造成较大影响。此研究可为海岸带综合管理提供参考依据。

Sea reclamation project may cause a great damage to wetland biological resources and seriously affects wetland ecosystem service function.A sea reclamation project wetland ecosystem service function loss appraisal model was established using the alternative cost,shade project,outcome reference and market value methods,and the loss of wetland ecosystem service function caused by the sea reclamation project in coastal Tieshangang industrial zone of Guangxi was quantificationally estimated.The result showed that the reclamation project in Tieshangang industrial zone of Guangxi caused an annual loss of wetland ecosystem service function 6.8594 million RMB yuan in total.The loss per unit area was 57.24 million RMB yuan/(km^(2)·a).The loss order of four types of marine ecosystem service function from big to small were supply service,providing service,regulation service and culture service functions.The loss of supply service function accounted for 44.96%,and losses of other functions was 20.92%,16.39%and 13.39%,respectively.The sea reclamation project in Tieshangang industrial zone caused a great influence on Tieshangang gulf,which has led to a great damage to the wetland ecosystem service function of the reclamation area.Oue findings will provide a reference for the integrated coastal zone management.