近二十年中国海洋灾害史研究的进展与问题

The Progresses and Problems in the Study of Chinese Marine Disaster History in the Last Twenty Years

自古以来,我国海洋灾害频发,探讨历史上海洋灾害发生、发展的客观规律,借鉴先民应对海洋灾害的经验教训,是灾害史和海洋史研究的题中之义。近二十年,中国海洋灾害史研究日益引起学术界的关注,富有学术价值和现实意义的研究成果大量涌现。其中,有关海洋灾害产生和发展的基本特征与规律、海洋灾害的影响与应对、海难三大主题的研究取得了较大进展。未来的研究仍有较大拓展空间,应在进一步发掘和整理相关史料的基础上,借鉴新的研究方法,培育新的问题意识,拓宽研究领域,加强海洋本位意识。

Marine disasters are frequent in China from ancient times to nowadays.Studying the objective regulations of maritime disasters and the experiences and lessons of the forefathers is indispensable components of investigating the natural disaster and maritime histories.The Chinese marine disaster history attracted more and more attentions from the academic circles in the last twenty years,and many research results are of high academic value and practical significance.Among them,the studies of basic characteristics and laws about the formation and development of maritime disasters,the influences of maritime disasters and the responses,and marine perils had made significant progresses.Future research still has a larger space to develop.Historians should make further efforts to excavate and collate relevant historical data,reference new research methods,cultivate new problem consciousness,broaden the research field,strengthen the ocean-centered consciousness.