产卵期及越冬期蓝点马鲛渔场分布变化及其与海表温度的关系

Distribution of Fishing Grounds of Japanese Spanish Mackerel (Scomberomorus niphonius) During Spawning and Overwintering Period and Its Relation With Sea Surface Temperature in China Sea

蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)是我国近海重要经济鱼类,近年来产量维持在40万t左右,是我国近海资源衰退背景下,少数保持持续高产的种类之一。为研究近年来蓝点马鲛渔场分布状况,本文根据2009~2016年农业部海洋捕捞动态信息采集网络中的蓝点马鲛CPUE数据以及卫星遥感海水表温(SST)数据,分析了产卵期及越冬期蓝点马鲛渔场分布变化及其与SST的关系。结果表明,越冬期黄渤海蓝点马鲛渔获重心逐渐向东南移动,东海渔获重心逐渐向东北移动;产卵期黄渤海渔获重心逐渐向西北移动,东海渔获重心逐渐向西南移动,渔获重心的变化与蓝点马鲛越冬、产卵洄游趋势一致。2月和4月渔获重心经纬度变化与整个海域的SST距平变化相关性不显著(p>0.05),但CPUE分布与SST异常相关。本研究探索了蓝点马鲛产卵期及越冬期浮拖网作业渔场变化,为蓝点马鲛渔场研究及资源变动提供了参考依据。

Japanese Spanish mackerel is a commercially important marine fish species in China Sea.Its production is about 400,000 t in recent years.In this study,the distribution of fishing grounds was analyzed based on catch per unit effort(CPUE)and sea surface temperature(SST)data during spawning and overwintering periods from 2009 to 2016,and the influence of SST on the fishing ground was also explored,respectively,in February and April.In overwintering period,the fishing ground moves southeast in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea and northeast in the East China Sea.In spawning period,the fishing ground moves northwest in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea and southwest in the East China Sea.The distribution of fishing grounds is in accordance with the migration trend of Japanese Spanish mackerel.The variation of latitude or longitude of fishing grounds showed little correlation with SST anomaly,but the distribution of CPUE in February and April was strongly affected by SST anomaly.