2型糖尿病患者及高危人群膳食血糖生成指数倾向现状调查与分析

Investigation and analysis of dietary glycemic index preference in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and high-risk groups

目的调查分析2型糖尿病患者及高危人群的血糖生成指数饮食食用倾向和喜好倾向现状。方法应用自行开发的膳食血糖生成指数倾向问卷,采用立意取样方法,对某三甲级教学医院及社区的2型糖尿病患者及高危人群进行调查,发放问卷及回收430份,获得有效问卷420份,回收率97.7%。其中,2型糖尿病患者200例,高危人群220例,比较两组饮食食用倾向和喜好倾向现状,分析问卷得分与一般情况之间的关系。结果2型糖尿病患者及高危人群饮食行为特征差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两者血糖生成指数饮食食用倾向及喜好倾向均偏高;多元线性回归分析得出,食用倾向受不同群体及家庭居住模式影响,喜好倾向受年龄影响(P<0.05)。结论我省2型糖尿病患者及高危人群饮食行为有待改善;需要给予个性化指导,高危人群更需强化其健康意识。

Objective To investigate and analyze the current situation of often eat preference and taste better preference in glycemic index(GI)diet of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and high-risk groups.Methods The self-developed dietary glycemic index preference questionnaire was used to investigate the type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and high-risk groups in Class A tertiary teaching hospital and community by purposive sampling.Four hundred and thirty questionnaires were distributed and recovered,and 420 effective questionnaires were obtained.The recovery rate was 97.7%.Among them,200 were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,the other 220 were high-risk groups.The current situation of often eat preference and taste better preference of two groups were compared,and the relationship between the questionnaire score and the general situation was analyzed.Results There was significant difference in dietary behavior between type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and high risk groups(P<0.05).Both of them were high in GI often eat preference and taste better preference.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that GI often eat preference was affected by different groups and family living patterns,and GI taste better preference was affected by age(P<0.05).Conclusion The dietary behaviors of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and high-risk groups in our province needs to be improved;Personalized guidance is needed,and high-risk groups need to strengthen their health awareness.