福建省家长为儿童接种流感疫苗的意愿及影响因素研究

Study on parents'intention to vaccinate their children with influenza vaccine and its influencing factors in Fujian Province

目的了解福建省家长为6/12~5岁儿童接种流感疫苗的意愿及影响因素。方法用分层随机抽样法抽取福建省4个乡镇和4个街道的6/12~5岁儿童,对其家长进行问卷调查,用多因素logistic回归模型分析影响流感疫苗接种意愿的因素。结果家长愿为儿童接种流感疫苗者占74.8%;不愿意接种的主要原因是担心疫苗不良反应(58.6%)、认为流感疫苗效果不好(38.6%)等;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,住在城区、家长学历为高中/中专、流感知晓得分较高、认为疫苗有效、认为疫苗安全、不担心疫苗异常反应、疫苗价格较低、儿童患过流感、接种过流感疫苗的家长为儿童接种流感疫苗的意愿更高(OR=1.63~9.69)。结论住在城区、家长学历较高、流感知晓得分较高、认为疫苗有效、认为疫苗安全、不担心疫苗异常反应、疫苗价格较低和儿童患流感者等是主要影响因素,其家长为儿童接种流感疫苗的意愿较高。

Objective To understand parents'willingness to vaccinate their children with influenza vaccine and its influencing factors in Fujian Province.Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to select children aged 6months to 5years from four townships and four streets in Fujian Province.Data was collected by questionnaire survey.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify influencing factors of vaccination intent.Results A total of 74.8%of parents reported intent.The main reasons for unwillingness were fear of side effect(58.6%),and concern that the vaccine was not effective(38.6%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that living in urban area,having a high school/secondary education,having a higher knowledge score about influenza,believing that the vaccine is effective,believing that the vaccine is safe,not worrying about abnormal reactions to the vaccine,lower vaccine price,past infection history of influenza in child,and having been vaccinated against influenza were associated with higher willingness to be vaccinated(OR=1.63to 9.69).Conclusion Living in urban area,higher education degree,higher knowledge score,confidence about efficacy and safety of vaccine,not worry about abnormal reaction to influenza vaccine,lower vaccine price and past infection history of influenza were the main predictor of vaccination willingness.