短期高脂低碳水化合物限食干预对超重者体成分及肠道菌群影响

Effectiveness of dietary restriction intervention with short-term high fat and low carbohydrate on body composition and intestinal microbiota in overweight people

目的探讨短期高脂低碳水化合物限食干预对超重人群体成分及肠道菌群的影响。方法2021年4月对符合标准的志愿者11人进行为期14 d的短期高脂低碳水化合物限食干预,营养素供能比分别为脂肪(55%~65%)、碳水化合物(10%~15%)和蛋白质(25%~30%)。干预第1天、第7天和第14天采用体成分仪测量体成分数据,干预前后收集粪便样本进行16S rDNA测序。结果限食干预中、干预后期的内脏脂肪面积、腰臀比、体脂率、骨骼肌质量和BMI等,均比干预前期呈下降趋势;偏最小二乘判别分析法(PLS-DA)分析结果显示,干预前后肠道菌群组成存在差异。肠道菌群组成分析结果显示,限食干预可分别在门、属和种水平上影响超重者肠道菌群构成。结论短期高脂低碳水化合物限食干预可影响超重者体成分及肠道菌群。

Objective To explore the effectiveness of dietary restriction intervention with short-term high-fat,low-carbohydrate on body composition and intestinal microbiota of overweight people.Methods In April 2021,totally 11 eligible volunteers were collected to be carried out a intervention study project.their intakes with short-term high-fat,low-carbohydrate dietary restriction intervention for 14 days,with nutrient energy supply ratios of fat(55%-65%),carbohydrate(10%-15%)and protein(25%-30%)respectively.Body composition data were measured by using a body composition meter at the 1 st,the 7 th and 14 th intervention day,and stool samples were collected for 16 S rDNA sequencing before and after intervention.Results The visceral fat area,waist hip ratio,body fat ratio,skeletal muscle mass and BMI showed a decreasing trend in the middle and late stage of the intervention compared with the early stage.Partial least squares discriminant analysis showed that the differences in the composition of the intestinal microbiota before and after the intervention.The results of analysis of intestinal microbiota composition showed that dietary restriction interventions can affect the composition of intestinal microbiota of overweight people at the phylum,genus and species levels,respectively.Conclusion Short-term dietary interventions with high-fat,low-carbohydrate can affect body composition and intestinal microbiota of overweight people.