土壤中重金属检测的研究进展

Research progress on determination of heavy metals in soils

土壤中重金属的检测是环境监测的重要项目之一,本文介绍了土壤中重金属检测样品的主要前处理方法:干灰化法、湿法消解法和微波消解法,以及主要的分析方法:紫外-可见分光光度法、原子吸收光谱法、原子荧光光谱法、电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法和电感耦合等离子体-质谱法。探讨了这些前处理方法和分析方法的优缺点,为土壤中重金属的检测提供一定的参考。

The detection of heavy metals in soils is one of the important projects of environmental monitoring.The main pre-treatment methods are introduced in this article,including dry-ashing,wet digestion and microwave digestion.This paper states some main instrumental analysis techniques of heavy metals in soils,such as ultravioletvisible spectrophotometry(Uv-vis), atomic absorption spectrometry(AAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS),inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS). The advantages and disadvantages of the pre-treatment and analytical methods are discussed in this essay,which is able to provide some references for the determination of heavy metals in soils.