马克思恩格斯对资本主义“保护关税制度”的本质批判及当代价值——剖析美国保护主义再次泛起的理论利器

Marx and Engels’ Essential Critique of Capitalist "Protectional Tariff System" and its Contemporary Values——Theoretical Weapon of Analysis of American Protectionism

在马克思、恩格斯看来,资本主义"保护关税制度"既是资本物权统摄价值分配、主导全球生产秩序的一种霸凌手段,也是资本主义国家为了最大化资产阶级利益而择机采取的权宜性策略,在本质上属于资本逻辑在国际经济交往领域的排他性表现。他们认为该制度成为资本主义国家建立民族工业的制度壁垒、实现垄断的经济政治屏障、最终操纵利润的重要工具。时至今日,尽管一些历史情节有所变化,但马克思、恩格斯的深刻批判思想并未过时反而历久弥新,对我们认识当今百年未有之大变局和以美国保护主义为代表的逆全球化新动向,仍具有无可挑剔的重大理论价值与现实意义。

In Marx and Engels’view,the capitalist"protectional tariff system"is not only a bullying means that capital property rights control value distribution and dominate global production order,but also a capitalist country’s choice for maximizing bourgeois interests,and it is essentially an exclusive performance of capital logic in the fields of international economic exchanges.They believe that the system has become an important institutional barrier for capitalist countries to establish national industry,a economic political means to achieve to monopoly,and to obtain excess profits.Up to now,although some historical plots have changed,Marx and Engels’profound critical thought has not been outdated but long-lasting,and it helps us to understand great changes in the past century and the new trend of counterglobalization represented by American protectionism,which still has impeccable major theoretical and practical significances.