电子烟对青年口腔健康的影响

The effects of e-cigarettes on oral health in youth

目的:探讨电子烟对青年人群口腔健康的影响。方法:采用问卷调查的方法,选择在2020年9月~2020年12月就诊于我院口腔科门诊,年龄在18~25岁的青年作为研究对象,根据其是否吸烟,分为电子烟组、传统香烟组和不吸烟组,比较分析三组研究对象的口腔症状情况(口干、口腔异味、牙龈出血、味觉减退及口腔黏膜不适)。结果:本研究共纳入研究对象284例,其中电子烟组85例,传统香烟组92例,不吸烟组107例。电子烟组出现口干症状患者30例(35.29%)高于传统香烟组8例(8.69%)及不吸烟组5例(4.67%)。传统香烟组与不吸烟组出现口干症状比例无明显差异。传统香烟组出现口腔异味患者63例(68.48%)高于电子烟组18例(21.18%)及不吸烟组11例(10.28%),电子烟组与不吸烟组出现口腔异味症状比例无差异。传统香烟组牙龈出血患者39例(42.39%)高于电子烟组18例(21.18%)及不吸烟组8例(7.48%),电子烟组牙龈出血患者比例高于不吸烟组,差异有统计学意义。三组患者出现味觉减退及口腔黏膜不适患者比例无明显差异。结论:电子烟一定程度上减少了传统香烟对口腔健康的危害,与不吸烟组相比,出现口干反应及牙龈出血的比例明显增高,提示其使用依然会对口腔健康产生不利影响。

Objective To investigate the effect of e-cigarette using on oral health in youth.Methods Questionnaire survey was adopted.From September 2020 to December 2020,18-25 years old patients who came to the oral cavity clinic of our hospital were divided into e-cigarette group,traditional cigarette group and no-smoking group according to whether they smoked.The oral symptoms of the two groups were analyzed(xerostomia,bad breath,gingival bleeding,hypogeusia and oral mucosal discomfort).Results 284 patients were included in this study,including e-cigarette group(n=85),traditional cigarette group(n=92)and no-smoking group(n=107).30 patients(35.29%)showed dry mouth symptoms in e-cigarette group,which was higher than that in traditional cigarette group(8patients,8.69%)and no-smoking group(5 patients,4.67%).There was no significant difference in the proportion of dry mouth symptoms between traditional cigarette group and non-smoking group.63 patients(68.48%)showed bad breath in the traditional cigarette group,which was higher than that in the e-cigarette group(18 patients,21.18%)and non-smoking group(11 patients,10.28%).There was no difference in the rate of bad breath between the e-cigarette group and the non-smoking group.8 patients(7.48%)showed gingival bleeding in the non-smoking group,the e-cigarette group had the higher rate(18 patients,21.18%),and the traditional cigarette group had the highest rate(39 patients,42.39%).There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients with hypogeusia and oral mucosa discomfort among the three groups.Conclusion E-cigarette can reduce the harm of smoking on oral health.However,compared with no-smoking group,the proportion of dry mouth reaction and gingival bleeding in e-cigarette group is higher,which indicating that e-cigarette using still has adverse effects on oral health.