妊娠期糖尿病患者应用妊娠期糖尿病风险评分表的价值分析

Analysis of the value of gestational diabetes risk score in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者应用妊娠期糖尿病风险评分表的价值。方法:选取2019年1月~2020年6月我院收治的228例GDM患者作为研究对象,采用妊娠期糖尿病风险评分表(A表)以及孕14~20周GDM风险补充评分表(B表)分别对患者进行评估和分组,将A表得分低于20分(含)且B表得分低于33分纳入低风险组(n=66),将A表得分超过20分但B表得分低于33分(含)纳入中风险组(n=48),将A表得分超过20分且B表得分超过33分纳入高风险组(n=118)。对3组患者分别开展相应的血糖管理干预,并在干预前和干预3个月后进行空腹血糖(FPG)和餐后2h血糖(2hPG)对糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)指标的比较。结果:3组患者一般资料的组间比较中,以BMI和年龄差异最为显著。中风险组患者与高风险组患者仅在BMI上存在差异(t=7.858,P=0.000),而低风险组和高风险组患者不仅在BMI上存在差异,同样在年龄上存在差异(t=11.311、5.066,P=0.000、0.000)。干预前,与低风险组患者相比,中风险组和高风险组患者的FPG、2hPG以及HbA1c指标水平均显著升高,且高风险组上述指标水平均高于中风险组,差异均具有统计学意义。3组患者分别开展相应的血糖管理干预后,低风险组的FPG、2hPG以及HbA1c指标与干预前相比,并无明显统计学差异;但中风险组和高风险组患者上述指标水平均呈现明显的降低趋势,差异均具有统计学意义。结论:妊娠期糖尿病患者应用妊娠期糖尿病风险评分表能够对患者疾病程度进行分级,从而有利于临床各项对症干预的实施。

Objective To explore the value of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)risk score in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods 76 patients with GDM admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to June 2020 were selected as the research objects.The patients were evaluated and divided into low-risk group(n=22)by gestational diabetes risk score(a)and GDM risk supplementary score(b)at 14-20 weeks of gestation,The patients with a score of more than 20 but a score of less than 33 were included in the middle risk group(n=16),and those with a score of more than 20 and B score of more than 33 were included in the high risk group(n=38).The fasting blood glucose(FPG)and 2 h postprandial blood glucose(2hPG)were compared before and 3 months after the intervention.Results In the comparison of general information among the three groups,BMI was the most significant.There was only difference in BMI between middle risk group and high risk group(t=4.560,P=0.000),while there was difference in BMI and age between low risk group and high risk group(t=6.568,2.933,P=0.000,0.005).Before the intervention,compared with the low risk group,the FPG,2hPG and HbA1c index levels of the middle risk group and the high risk group were significantly increased,and the above index levels of the high risk group were higher than those of the middle risk group,the differences were statistically significant.There was no significant difference in FPG,2hPG and HbA1c between the low-risk group and before intervention;However,the levels of the above indicators in the middle risk group and the high risk group were significantly decreased,and the differences were statistically significant.Conclusion The risk score table of gestational diabetes can be used to classify the disease degree of the patients,which is beneficial to the implementation of clinical intervention.