食品安全指数法评估河南省面制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇的膳食暴露风险

Risk assessment of dietary deoxynivalenol exposure in flour products from Henan province by food safety index

目的调查河南省区域面制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(DON)的污染残留情况,并评估居民膳食暴露风险。方法选择河南省所辖18个地市为监测点,采集2019-2020年1067份面粉及其主要制品,采用超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱技术检测样品中DON含量,运用食品安全指数(IFS)法对检测结果进行评估分析,并计算DON的风险系数(R)。结果DON在面制品中的污染残留较为普遍,整体检出率79.2%,超标率为1.0%;不同地区和不同面制品种类的IFS均小于1;R值分别为豫南地区4.7、豫东地区2.8、豫中地区1.7、豫西和豫北均为1.1及生干面条6.8、面粉1.8、生湿面条1.5、馒头1.1。结论河南省面制品的DON膳食暴露风险较低,但在豫南区域和生干面条中存在较高暴露风险,相关部门要继续密切关注DON在不同区域及食品种类的动态污染分布及暴露水平,采取针对措施以切实有效地保障人民群众的食品安全和身体健康。

Objective To understand the contamination of deoxynivalenol(DON)residues in flour products from Henan province and to evaluate the dietary exposure risk of the population.Methods From 2019 to 2020,1067 flour products were collected from 18 cities in Henan province.DON was determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry,the detection results were evaluated by food safety index(IFS)method,and R was calculated.Results DON residues were common in flour products with detection rate of 79.2%and exceed rate of 1.0%.Calculations of IFS and R according to region and flour product category respectively showed IFSs less than 1 and Rs(South region 4.7,East region2.8,Middle region 1.7,West region 1.1 and North region 1.1 in Henan province;dry noodles 6.8,flour 1.8,wet noodles 1.5 and steamed buns 1.1).Conclusion The dietary DON exposure risk of flour products is low in Henan province,but there may be a high risk in South Henan and dry noodles.The related government sectors should continue to pay close attention to the dynamic pollution distribution and exposure level in different regions and food types,and targeted measures should be taken to effectively protect the food safety and the people’s health.